Why teach Turn Patterns if Salsa Dance is Freestyle?

25 April 2010 10:00, S.Short, 3569 views

When people get an interest in Salsa dancing and take their first dance classes they start by learning the basic steps. Soon enough learning and mastering Turn Patterns becomes the main goal of most of the students. After a while, they discover that most advanced and master-level Salsa and Mambo dancers never use standard dance sequences when dancing together.

It is time for an in depth analysis.

Turn Patterns, also called Dance Combinations/Dance Combo’s/Dance Figures, are pre-set sequences of Salsa Dance Techniques (also called Dance Moves). Most Salsa Dance Techniques last for no more than one Basic, and a Basic is 8 beats in the music. The Cross Body Lead is an example of a Partnering Dance Technique. This means that a Turn Pattern consists of a minimum of two Dance Techniques which are combined together to form one choreographed dance sequence. There is no maximum to the length of a Turn Pattern. The order of the individual dance techniques, and how long the turn pattern becomes, depends on several factors. The most important one would be the goals the instructors have set for their separate student groups or dance levels. The dance level of the average student is also a decisive reason to make the Turn Patterns longer or shorter. The learning speed of the students, the didactical skills & knowledge of the instructors, and the amount of competition between rivaling dance schools can also be of big influence on these short choreographies.

One of the secrets for dancing Salsa is the leader of a dance couple being able to ‘cut and paste’ separate dance techniques together while adapting to the dance level and the Salsa Dance Style of the follower. He uses the changes in Salsa or Mambo Music as his main guideline, and they express the feelings they get from hearing the music and dancing together by executing their individual Styling Elements and Shines/Footwork . Most Styling Elements last for less than one Basic: for example, a ‘Lady Haircomb’. No Salsa Music and no Salsa Dancer are the same. Salsa Dancing has no fixed international Salsa Dance Standard (yet). That is why Salsa Dancing is (to date) a ‘Freestyle Dance Form’. So why do Salsa Dance Instructors teach (fixed) Turn Patterns?

Teaching Turn Patterns is the only known way to instruct Partnering Dance

Teaching Turn Patterns started with the English and French Court dancing in groups, which were popular in the 17 and 18 century. The Dance Combinations had their own names or designations; they had been (semi) standardized, and these archaic Turn Patterns were executed simultaneously after being called out. Modern Line Dancing and Rueda de Casino are good examples of this ancient way of dancing and instructing.  Dancing in groups evolved into individual Partnering Dance, and the manner of teaching Turn Patterns evolved and made its way into the Latin, Ballroom, and Swing Dances where they got longer. The first Salsa and Mambo Dance Instructors just copied this effective way of instructing partnering dance from them.

Turn Patterns are commercially Attractive

Salsa looks more exciting and appealing when the instructors demo turn patterns instead of them showing combinations of two Dance Techniques at a time. Their students get a greater sense of achievement when they are able to perform the same Dance Choreography they have seen at the beginning of the class. Learning Turn Patterns is also less time-consuming, making it easier for teachers to maximize the amount of individual dance techniques they want their students to master at the end of a Workshop, a Class, or a Dance Course.

Instructing and learning Turn Patterns is very Effective

Turn Patterns are excellent for teaching the students to get the ‘Salsa and Mambo Flow’ in a faster pace instead of them only practicing the combination of two Dance Techniques at a time. The ‘Advanced-Dancers-in-the-making’ will also learn to decrease their reaction time: the leaders learn to think faster before indicating dance moves to the followers, and the followers learn to react much faster to what the leaders are indicating.

The Wrong Judgment when Fixating on set Turn Patters

Learning Salsa and Mambo Turn Patterns are means to an end and not the main objective. The fixation on learning Turn Patterns by heart will only make the dancers less flexible. Rule of thumb: the length of a Turn Pattern is disproportionate in relation to the level of flexibility of the dancer learning it. This means: the longer the Turn Pattern gets, the less flexible the dancer learning it becomes. Another: the more intricate the individual components of the Dance Combo’s are, the lesser the chances become of these dance sequences being lead or followed correctly on the social dance floor.  

Final Notes

Turn Patterns are excellent didactical and educational means of learning Salsa and Mambo Dance. Instead of learning whole Dance Combinations, it is much rewarding to multiply the possibilities of the individual Dance Techniques and the dozens of ways of combining them together. 

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Tomt | Reply
27 Apr 2010 11:55

The effect of having people becoming interested in salsa, and become more focused on learning patterns (and not necessarily mastering the moves within them, or the patterns themselves) - could be said to be quite dependent on the teaching style give to these people, especially at the early stages.

Do beginners have the knowledge to know the most efficient way, or best ways to learn to dance? To focus on foundational skills, and knowledge, and build on that? Is that the normal content in a taught salsa class?

Exactly.

Turn patterns, move combinations aren't in my book, called sequences of "Salsa Dance Techniques". A turn pattern is a specific string of salsa dance moves. To call a move a technique is to cause confusion, and to abuse the meaning of the word technique.

Techniques are methods, approaches, manner and skills, actions to do a task. A move usually lasts for no more than the length of a basic - ie 8 counts.

Is a dance only a "freestyle dance form" when there's no international dance standard? Salsa can be as a name be what we say we do, that includes mambo and can also have many other styles in. Freestyle is when you choose what style.

from http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-freestyle-dancing.htm -

Freestyle dancing can apply to numerous dance types and can be defined as any style of dance where the moves are not thought out ahead and where no choreography of the moves occurs before the dance begins.
Even though freestyle dancing implies freedom, most dancers are still going to keep themselves within a particular style of dancing. A hip hop dancer who freestyles uses recognizable hip hop moves, and perhaps a few he or she has made up. This can make issues confusing since many people always refer to both hip hop and funk dancing as freestyle dancing.
Hip hop or any other dancing becomes freestyle dancing in less formal settings. In ballroom dancing of all types, learning basic moves means you can do freestyle dancing to any music

So the 3 arguments for teaching a sequence of moves - turn patterns in a lesson are given as:
1) It's the only way to teach partnered dance
2) It's eye candy - pulls the punters in
3) It's very effective.

1) It's the only way

Huh? It's not the only way. There are other ways. It might be a very common way. But that doesn't mean it's the only, or the best way. Teaching turn patterns started in the 17C? Citation needed. Maybe there is some info on this - but where are the sources? The skill of demonstration, imitation, and repetition to gain a dance movement has been around prior to the 17C.

2) It pulls punters in. Yes. But it also has a lot of churn, turn over. Ever wondered why that is? If some of those who turned away form their initial source of salsa dance teaching might still be doing salsa, if that teaching had been different, better?

3) It's effective. Though the argument is that a turn pattern is effective in getting the feel of dancing to a turn pattern's length of material. It's almost tautological thinking.

Is that really the best most effective thing that we'd want? It's like teaching kids situational sentences in French. Le singe conduire l'autobus. Useful sentence, but only for a given situation. if there is a monkey driving a bus, or your French speaker has a sense of humour and has heard of Eddie Izzard.
And so a long pattern can be less well fitting musicality wise, as it has a musicality of its own that wont change too much.

Not sure where "advanced dancers in the making" comes from. How does a turn pattern help reaction time? Think faster before leading a move? Maybe preparing mentally earlier, to have the lead ready in time. It's weird - the article is saying turn patterns are the only known way to teach partnering dance (ergo salsa, a subset of that), that it's effective, and helps leaders and followers in their leading and following. Then volte face,
learning turn patterns is a means to an end, that they aren't the best.

I wonder how many people get to have that salsa lesson, where the instructor says - "Learning Salsa and Mambo Turn Patterns are means to an end and not the main objective". Maybe to call it a slap from your teacher in beginner's hell is too strong, but it's not too far from :

"By the way - you know the teaching style and content i've been teaching you, in your young, innocent naïve formative time as a beginner salsa dancer? It's not the best, I've been doing it primarily for selfish financial reasons, and because it looks flashy, and whilst you won't remember it so well, it'll feel flawy in class. Fixating on the idea that patterns are the way to go, will make your dancing inflexible. But you'll think faster."

Would you like your teacher to do that to your kids? Is it that the teacher being chicken? To not put their money where their mouth is and say - My teaching is good enough to stand on its own merits, and bring people in.

Length of turn pattern is inversely proportional aka reciprocally proportional. Agreed.

Didactic - Designed or intended to teach - intended to convey instruction and information as well as pleasure and entertainment. How, after pointing the flaws, can the article summarise to say turn patterns are:

"excellent didactical and educational means of learning Salsa and Mambo Dance"
"Instead of learning whole Dance Combinations, it is much rewarding to multiply the possibilities of the individual Dance Techniques and the dozens of ways of combining them together. "

? The article defined Dance Combinations as an alternative meaning of Turn Pattern (a string of individual moves put together e.g. Basic, CBL, Lead turn Follow Turn, CBL, Open out, OPen out, basic, dip).

So the summary, in effect says:

Turn patterns are excellent ways to instruct, teach and educate. But rather than learning turn patterns, it's much more rewarding to multiply the possibilities of individual moves and the ways of combining them. Which seems shorthand copy for saying turn patterns are great to teach, but for the learning dancer, they're not - learning about combining individual moves - focusing on possible combinations, and how to do that is better.

Who benefits from turn pattern teaching?

It's a fascinating subject - what are the best methods, styles, content for teaching salsa?

http://www.salsaforums.com/showthread.php?p=119014

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Sanne Keijzer
Dance because you like it and show that. Own the dance. A good student can copy the teacher but a great dancer learns and then makes it her own. So, create your own style and do your thing. And very important: dare to dance!